Clinical Study of Recombinant Human Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Combined With Collagen Sponge in the Treatment of Maxillofacial Degree II Acute Skin Contusion

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (Rh-bFGF) combined with collagen sponge in the treatment of grade II acute maxillofacial abrasions. Methods: During the study period from September 2020 to September 2023, 128 such patients were in the authors' hospital and randomly divided into control group (N = 64) and experimental group (N = 64). The observation group was treated with Rh-bFGF and collagen sponge after debridement, while the control group was treated with vaseline gauze after debridement. The healing rate and healing time were observed, and the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, EGF, VEGF, and Timp-1 were determined. The Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) was used to evaluate the local scar hyperplasia 6 months after wound healing in both groups. Results: On the seventh and 14th day of treatment, the wound healing rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( P < 0.05), and the wound healing time in the observation group was lower than that in the control group ( P < 0.05), the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, EGF, VEGF, and Timp-1 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group ( P < 0.05), the levels of Il-10 were higher than those in the control group ( P < 0.05), and the levels of EGF, VEGF, and Timp-1 were higher than those in the control group ( P < 0.05). Vancouver Scar Scale score of local scar hyperplasia was significantly lower than that of control group ( P < 0.05). Conclusions: Recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (Rh-bFGF) combined with collagen sponge in the treatment of maxillofacial contusion can decrease the levels of TNF-α and IL-6, increase the levels of IL-10 and effectively control inflammation, at the same time, it can increase the levels of EGF, VEGF, and Timp-1, promote wound healing and reduce scar hyperplasia. The therapeutic scheme is simple, safe, and effective, and suitable for clinical popularization and application.