Removal of Permanent IVC Filters: Techniques and Case Presentation

Inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement is the treatment of choice in the prevention of pulmonary thromboembolism in patients with deep venous thrombosis and a contraindication to anticoagulation or anticoagulation therapy failure.[1] Decision to place a permanent or retrievable IVC filter depends on many factors, including the patient's presentation, indication for filter placement, age, medical history, and filter availability in the angiography suite.[2] Permanent IVC filters were designed to remain in the IVC after placement, while retrievable filters were designed to allow the option for removal once the filter is no longer considered necessary.[2] [3] A recent publication has reported that retrievable IVC filters have a higher risk of complications when compared to permanent filters.[3] The FDA has recommended the removal of retrievable filters when they are no longer required.[4] These findings and recommendations make permanent IVC filters a more viable choice for patients requiring long-term protection.