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This is a Cross-Sectional Study study.

September 20, 2025Open Access

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Early Onset Male Androgenetic Alopecia - A Cross Sectional Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Key Points

Seven patients with early onset male androgenetic alopecia were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, indicating a potential risk factor.
Mean systolic blood pressure in metabolic syndrome patients was significantly elevated at 135.71, suggesting increased cardiovascular concern.
The study used carotid intima media thickness measurements to assess cardiovascular risks associated with androgenetic alopecia.
Screening for metabolic syndrome is advisable in men with early onset severe androgenetic alopecia to manage potential risks.

Abstract

Background: Androgenetic Alopecia (AGA), a common dermatological issue, and Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors, have been associated with systemic implications. This cross-sectional study explores their interrelationship in early onset male androgenetic alopecia, and its association with potential cardiovascular risks. Aims: To estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors in early onset male androgenetic alopecia and association of various demographic factors with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: A cross sectional study in a tertiary care hospital from March 2021 to March 2022 with 99 cases in the age group of 18 to 35 years. Diagnosis of metabolic Syndrome was based on the National Cholesterol Education Programme (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III. Carotid Intima Media Thickness (CIMT) was measured using B Mode Ultrasonography. Results: A total of 99 cases of early onset AGA were enrolled. Only One patient had CIMT of >0.8mm. Seven patients had Metabolic Syndrome, all of them belonged to Mild AGA group. 14.3% of MetS patients had a history of smoking. Mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) in MetS patients was 135.71±10.48 with a significant p value of <0.005. Mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in MetS patients was 90.57±12.9 with a significant p value of <0.002. Mean fasting blood sugar (FBS) in MetS patients was 114±3.96 with a significant p value of < 0.001. Conclusion: Early onset severe grades of male AGA can indicate cardiovascular risks and metabolic syndrome. Screening and monitoring these risk factors in such patients are advisable. Keywords: Androgenetic alopecia, Metabolic syndrome, Carotid intima media thickness

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