Systematic thematic review reveals AI's dual role in cyber threats and defences, suggesting a balanced approach is vital.
Continuous innovations in Artificial Intelligence (AI) are fundamentally transforming the cybersecurity landscape. Cybercriminals are leveraging AI to carry out sophisticated cyberattacks, yet it is AI itself that provides with advanced mechanism for cyber defence. This paper explores the role played by AI in transforming the global cybersecurity field by examining AI-powered cyberattacks and cyber defences, along with challenges in incorporating AI for digital security. This study employs the method of systematic thematic review to explore the current AI-enabled cybersecurity landscape. Peer-reviewed articles published since 2020 were analysed using thematic coding, and themes were categorized into: AI-enabled cyber threats, cyber defence, and challenges in integrating AI. This study examines the dual role played by AI as a tool in the hands of both attackers as well as defenders. The discussion underscores the importance of a balanced approach combining both AI and human expertise to build a resilient Digital defence for the future.
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Yadav et al. (2025) studied this question.
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