Environmental pollution and waste caused by traditional citrus farming has become more serious. As the direct subject of agricultural production, we should pay more attention to the green production behavior of farmers. Numerous studies have fully proven that technology training is the important driving factor of farmers’ production behavior, but the question of which main body or organization should carry out the training is the question that still has no definite conclusion, in order to solve this problem. Based on the perspective of the heterogeneity of agricultural technology training organizations, this study conducts a discussion on the indicators of the difference in training organization and technology adoption behavior, and uses the Oprobit and IV-Oprobit models to conduct an empirical analysis on 782 Chinese farmers’ survey data. Finally, we find: (1) Technical training has a positive impact on farmers’ GPT adoption at the 1% level. For each additional training, the probability of adopting five GPT increased by 2.6%; (2) Different training organizations have different impacts on the farmers’ technology adoption. The training of profit-oriented organizations represented by agricultural enterprises has the most obvious promotion effect on GPT adoption by farmers. The overall effect of the training of government agricultural extension departments is better than that of quasi-public welfare organizations such as scientific research institutions; (3) The above effects also have obvious heterogeneity among farmers of different ages, education levels, family social networks, planting scale, family incomes and structure. Based on this, we put forward policy suggestions such as building a diversified agricultural extension training system.
Yang et al. (2025) studied this question.