Perceived knowledge and attitudes toward fall prevention among nurses and healthcare assistants: a Cross-Sectional survey study

Falls are among the most common adverse events in hospitals, with major clinical and legal consequences. Despite existing prevention guidelines, fall-related incidents remain frequent, underscoring the need to evaluate healthcare workers' awareness and adherence to institutional protocols. To assess perceived knowledge, attitudes, and barriers to fall prevention among nurses and healthcare assistants, in order to identify gaps and inform targeted strategies. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 295 nurses and healthcare assistants across multiple departments of the ASL Lanciano Vasto Chieti, Italy. The self-administered questionnaire collected demographic data, knowledge, attitudes, perceived barriers, and awareness of institutional protocols. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression (p < 0.05). Greater professional experience was significantly associated with participation in fall prevention training (p < 0.005). While most participants reported using fall risk assessment scales, uncertainties persisted regarding their limitations. Frequently cited barriers included limited availability of equipment and underreporting of incidents, often linked to incomplete procedural knowledge and poor dissemination of educational materials (p < 0.0001). Participation in training correlated with higher adherence to protocols and improved fall risk assessment practices (p < 0.0001). Overall awareness of fall prevention was adequate, but variability in training, incident reporting, and resource access remain critical gaps. Reinforcing educational programs, ensuring consistent dissemination of materials, and fostering evidence-based, individualized strategies could enhance adherence to best practices and reduce fall-related events.