International Attempts at Peace Negotiations during the Russian Federation’s Invasion of Ukraine in 2022–2023

The article presents an attempt to analyze the role of mediation and negotiation in resolving or mitigating international conflicts using the example of attempts to end the armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine. The main purpose of the paper is to assess the effectiveness of these attempts and identify the factors that influenced their success or failure. The authors discuss selected initiatives of the international community to restore peace. These events - such as the Istanbul negotiations, the Copenhagen and Jeddah summits, or the actions of the UN and the EU – make it possible to examine how various geopolitical interests affected the course of mediation. One of the conclusions of the analysis is the need for international unity, neutral mediators and the timelessness of respecting humanitarian aspects in armed conflicts.