A study of Bouldering psychotherapy intervention for depression: a review of the literature

This paper systematically reviews the effects of Bouldering Psychotherapy (BPT) on depression. It analyzes BPT's movement characteristics and theoretical foundations (based on self-determination theory, positive thinking and exposure theory, and flow experience theory), integrates evidence from randomized controlled trials, explores its physiological and psychological mechanisms (involving HPA axis regulation, neuroplasticity, enhanced self-efficacy, and social interactions), and compares its effectiveness with traditional therapies. The review, which included studies published between 1990 and 2024 retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science using relevant keywords, finds that BPT shows significant efficacy in treating depression, with effectiveness comparable to CBT and superior to home exercise (EP), along with high safety and patient acceptance. However, existing studies are limited by small sample sizes, lack of long-term follow-up, insufficient data on severe cases, and unclear drug interference.