Metabolic syndrome and heart failure

In recent years, the relationship between metabolic syndrome and obesity with the development of heart failure has been closely monitored. This article examines the pathophysiological mechanisms determining the various pathways of metabolic syndrome development, followed by subsequent formation of individual phenotypes of heart failure. Information is provided on clinical course of the combination of obesity and heart failure, as well as the difficulties and related decisions in the diagnosis of heart failure. In addition, the paper highlights data on the potential of guideline-directed medical therapy, including the role of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists.