Impact of motor plugging heat on preheating in the battery and passenger compartment in EV based on Swiss roller cooling belt

The power battery of electric vehicles (EVs) in winter has problems such as reduced range and charging efficiency. In this paper, a thermal management system (TMS) that can fulfil both battery and occupant compartment preheating is proposed. Motor plugging is utilised to generate additional heat for the refrigerant in the heat pump air conditioning (HPAC) system, enhancing heat supply at low temperatures. A mathematical one-dimensional simulation is employed to conduct a feasibility analysis of preheating the battery and occupant compartment at various low temperatures. The results show that preheating of the battery and occupant compartment can be achieved quickly at ambient temperatures of −5°C using the HPAC. At −10°C, motor plugging heat (MPH) generates a temperature rise rate (TRR) of 0.4°C/min, which is faster than using HPAC alone. However, at −20°C, the battery and occupant compartment fail to reach their target temperatures within 1180 s without MPH.