Development and Validation of an Integrated HIV/STI, and Pregnancy Prevention Programme: Improving Adolescent Sexual Health Outcomes

In developing countries, adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) continue to experience high rates of unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Several healthcare services are available at the primary level of healthcare to address the sexual and reproductive needs of adolescents in South Africa. Healthcare providers often face challenges such as limited resources, inadequate funds, and inadequate training, which hinder their ability to provide integrated care. Furthermore, cultural stigma and a lack of privacy prevent adolescents from seeking care. In response to increasing international calls for developing and implementing integrated person-centered care, which addresses both quality and access to care, this paper aims to develop and validate an integrated HIV/STI, and pregnancy prevention program for adolescent girls and young women in the Vhembe District of Limpopo. Multiphase mixed methods were employed in this study. This study consisted of three interconnected phases. As part of phase 1 of this study, a comprehensive literature review was conducted. In phase 2, an empirical study conducted using a concurrent triangulation strategy to collect and analyze both qualitative and quantitative data as a form of confirmation, dis-confirmation, cross-validation or corroboration of the findings. Consequently, a conceptual framework was developed using qualitative and quantitative analysis by merging, comparing, and interpreting the results. The findings of phase 2 interface were analyzed using the Political, Environmental, Social, and Technological (PEST) and Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat (SWOT) analyses. Additionally, the outcomes of the Logical Framework Analyses (LFA) informed the development of an integrated programme aimed at preventing HIV, STIs, and teenage pregnancy. Several stakeholders and experts (n = 35) were consulted as part of the Reduce the Risk (RTR) Coalition to validate the proposed integrated programme with an average of 94.3% on acceptability, feasibility, and appropriateness. In the Vhembe District of Limpopo province, there has been no published study that has developed an integrated HIV, STIs, and pregnancy prevention programme to improve the sexual health outcomes of adolescent girls and young women.