Towards a framework of factors influencing sustainable innovation in enterprises

In the context of climate change, resource depletion, and the pressures of international integration, sustainable innovation has emerged as a key driver enabling enterprises to both strengthen their competitiveness and fulfill sustainable development goals. This paper provides a theoretical overview of SI, clarifying its role in cost optimization, risk management, brand enhancement, and the creation of long-term competitive advantages. Building on this foundation, the study analyzes the factors influencing SI within enterprises, including internal factors (financial resources, managerial capabilities, organizational culture and strategy, leadership and human capital) and external factors (institutional pressures, market dynamics, investors and stakeholders, technological advancements, and knowledge networks). Based on this review, the study proposes a measurement framework to evaluate the determinants of sustainable innovation, thereby offering a scientific basis for policymaking and sustainable development strategies in Vietnamese enterprises.