Analysis of Pedestrian Injury Patterns in Road Traffic Fatalities

Background: Road traffic crashes (RTCs) constitute a worldwide public health concern, with pedestrian fatalitiesaccounting for a substantial proportion of total deaths. Pedestrians constitute one of the most susceptiblecategories of road users, frequently incurring significant injuries from direct car collisions. Recognizing thepatterns of injuries and the severity of pedestrian fatalities is essential for devising effective road safety measures.Objective: The study assesses pedestrian injury patterns in road traffic mortality by analyzing the severity,character, and distribution of injuries sustained in RTAs.Methodology: A cross-sectional study of 96 pedestrian fatalities in RTAs was carried out in Patna, Bihar, India.Data was obtained from medical records, inquest reports, and police documentation. Injuries were categorizedbased on anatomical locations, severity, and injury type. Statistical analysis, including frequency distributionsand chi-square tests, was performed with SPSS software.Results: The largest age group of victims was 25-35 years, comprising 41.4%, while the majority of victims weremale, accounting for 83.59%. Head injuries constituted 28.13% of cases, making them the most prevalent typeof injury, followed by lower limb injuries at 17.97%. The majority of severe injuries constituted 51.56%, withfatal injuries primarily including head traumas at 15.63% and head-chest trauma at 14.58%. Pedestrian fatalitiesresulted from high-impact crashes, primarily involving four-wheelers and big automobiles on national highways.Conclusion: The study highlights the significance of vehicle type, road condition, and collision severity inpedestrian RTAs. Pedestrian safety apparatus, improved roadway infrastructure, and rigorous traffic laws are vitalto reduce pedestrian injuries and fatalities.