Visual and Anatomic Outcomes of Vitrectomy for Myopic Maculoschisis with and without Macular Detachment: A Case-Control Study

Purpose: To compare the visual and anatomic outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) between myopic maculoschisis with and without macular detachment (MD). Methods: This retrospective comparative study included 38 eyes of 38 patients who received PPV for myopic maculoschisis between July 2021 and July 2022. Two groups were identified based on whether preoperative MD was detected via optical coherence tomography (OCT): 16 eyes with MD and 22 eyes without MD. Surgical effects were assessed by the final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), ellipsoid zone (EZ) state, and the rate of complete fovea relief. Results: The postoperative follow-up were 15.25 ± 3.70 and 15.55 ± 3.39 months in the groups with and without MD, respectively ( P = 0.800). The preoperative logMAR BCVA was 1.21 ± 0.65 and 0.55 ± 0.37 in the groups with and without MD, respectively ( P = 0.001). Nevertheless, no difference existed in the postoperative BCVA at final visit between the groups with and without MD (0.51 ± 0.29 logMAR, ∼20/64 VS . 0.40 ± 0.41 logMAR, ∼20/50, P = 0.345). During the follow-up period, the rates of EZ band reconstruction were 40.00% (6/15) and 33.33% (2/6) in the groups with and without MD, respectively ( P = 0.590). Finally, a total of 33 eyes achieved complete fovea relief, including 13 eyes (81.25%) in the group with MD and 20 eyes (90.91%) in the group without MD ( P = 0.701). Conclusion: In myopic maculoschisis eyes, the presence of MD did not significantly affect postoperative visual or anatomical outcomes in our cohort.