Comprehensive genome-wide analysis of plant-specific YABBY transcription factor gene family in beetroot (Beta vulgaris) and its association with Arabidopsis thaliana

Plants use the YABBY gene family as a binding transcription factor (DNA) to control the plant style length in bloom and lateral organ development polarity. Bioinformatics techniques enabled researchers to find YABBY gene family members within the beetroot (Beta vulgaris) genomic sequence. All protein motif analysis, protein architecture assessment, and sequence analysis were performed. Each YABBY gene was distributed unevenly across all chromosomes, with approximately six genes detected in each distribution. The five beetroot YABBY protein subgroups consist of YAB3/FIL, INO, CRC (Crab's Claw), YAB2 and YAB5 based on the International Standards of Nomenclature classification of Arabidopsis YABBY proteins. The structural examination showed that BvYABBY genes possess five to eight introns that match their phylogenetic position. A promoter region evaluation detected stress response-related cis-regulatory elements that connected to hormone alerts as well as light sensitivity regulations. The results from gene duplication research demonstrated segmental as well as tandem duplication patterns, while Ka/Ks ratios showed evidence of purifying selection. These data allow researchers to fully understand the BvYABBY gene family structure and the evolutionary path of YABBY transcription factors in Beta vulgaris.