Challenges and Perspectives in the use of Perovskite Nanocrystals in Solar Cell

Perovskite Quantum Dots (PQDs) with the general formula ABX3 have emerged as a promising class of nanostructured materials for photovoltaic applications, particularly as alternatives to traditional silicon-based solar cells. Among the various compositions, CsPbBr 3 PQDs stand out due to their high energy conversion efficiency, strong light absorption, high photoluminescence quantum yield, excellent charge carrier mobility, and low-cost, solution-processable fabrication. This review discusses the most relevant advances and ongoing challenges in the synthesis, stability, and photovoltaic performance of CsPbBr 3 PQDs for their use in Energy Transitions. Emphasis is placed on the comparison of synthetic techniques, such as Hot Injection (HI) and room-temperature coprecipitation (RT), and on the correlation between the nanocrystal structure, optical behavior, and device efficiency. The review concludes with a discussion of the technological potential of these nanomaterials to contribute to large-scale renewable energy solutions and next-generation optoelectronic devices.