Effectiveness of Video assisted Teaching on Incentive Spirometry in Terms of Skill Score and Bedside Pulmonary Function Test Outcome of Patients Undergoing Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgeries

Introduction: Over the past several centuries, the frequency of hepatobiliary operations has increased globally. After resection, pulmonary complications following surgery are a significant source of morbidity and mortality. Deep-breathing exercises known as incentive spirometry (IS) is frequently utilised for lung expansion and post-operative pulmonary complication prevention. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of video-assisted teaching (VAT) on IS in terms of skill score and bedside pulmonary function test (PFT) outcome of patients undergoing hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) surgeries. Methods: Using a quantitative approach, a true experimental study was conducted. A pre-test–post-test control group design was adopted. Simple random sampling technique was used. The experimental group received VAT on is whereas the control group received the routine instructions. Post-test was conducted on the 3 rd post-operative day. Tools included a structured questionnaire on socio-demographic and clinical variables, a structured checklist to assess skills and bedside PFT assessment tools. Results: The skill score under the experimental group increased significantly from pre-test (5.20 ± 1.41) to post-test (9.00 ± 1.71) with a P value of < 0.001. The difference in the number of balls lifted during inspiration and expiration was significantly increased in the experimental group ( P < 0.001). A significant difference was found in the duration of holding the balls during IS under the experimental group during pre-test and post-test during inspiration ( P < 0.001) and expiration ( P < 0.001). Furthermore, a significant difference was found in breath-holding test and single-breath count test under the experimental group during inspiration ( P < 0.001) and expiration ( P < 0.001). A significant association was found between mean gain in skill score with days between appointment and date of surgery ( P = 0.02). Conclusion: The implementation of VAT on IS was effective in improving skill score and bedside PFT outcomes of patients undergoing HPB surgeries.