Theoretical framework shows fixed-point concepts enable semantic convergence in language models, suggesting new applications for language-aware systems.
We present a new theoretical framework that unifies category-theoretic fixed-point constructions, transfinite recursion, and game-based semantics to model how interpretations of language can stabilize through unlimited self-reference. By iterating a meaning-refinement operator across all ordinal stages, we isolate a unique "transordinal" fixed point and show, via a hierarchy of reflective games, that this same object is the sole equilibrium of an infinite dialogue between a text and its interpreter. The result delivers a mathematically rigorous account of semantic convergence without resorting to statistical training or empirical benchmarks, yet remains simple to explain: start with a rough meaning, let speaker and listener correct each other forever, and the process provably settles on a single, self-consistent interpretation. Because the construction is entirely symbolic, it offers both precise guarantees for formal linguistics and a blueprint for designing language-aware systems that can reason about their own outputs. The paper details the requisite transordinal machinery, proves existence and uniqueness theorems, and connects them to long-standing questions about reflection, truth, and equilibrium in formal systems and semantics.
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Alpay et al. (2025) studied this question.
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