Hypersonic similarity law for steady compressible Euler flows past slender bodies within the framework of Radon measure solutions

In this paper, we establish a mathematical theory on statement and validation of the hypersonic similarity law within the framework of Radon measure solutions of steady compressible Euler equations. We consider two scenarios: (1) two-dimensional steady non-isentropic compressible Euler flows past an infinitely long slender curved wedge; (2) three-dimensional steady non-isentropic compressible Euler flows past an infinitely long axisymmetric cone. It turns out that, for the hypersonic flow passing through a slender body with tiny slenderness $τ$, if the parameter K M∞τ is fixed, by taking τ→ 0 (i.e., the Mach number of the upcoming flow M∞ → ∞), the flow field structures (after scaling) no longer depend on the body's shape and the Mach number M∞ independently, but only on K and adiabatic index $γ$ of the polytropic gas. Mathematically, for non-isentropic Euler flows, we find a new system of hypersonic small-disturbance equations to describe steady compressible hypersonic flows passing slender bodies. We demonstrate that as τ→0, under suitable non-dimensional scalings, the Radon measure solutions of the original problems of hypersonic flow passing bodies converge to those of corresponding hypersonic small-disturbance problems. The explicit forms of the Radon measure solutions derived for the two scenarios effectively simplify the convergence analysis.