Climate conditions as development factor of agriculture in Bačka Danube region

Agricultural production is closely related to the climate conditions, and current climate changes significantly affect the conditions and possibility of agricultural production. In this paper the relationship between climate elements (average air temperature, maximum air temperature, precipitation), index (consecutive number of dry days) and the crop yield (wheat, corn, sugar beet, sunflower, beans, potatoes, clover and alfalfa) in the Bačko Podunavlje during period 2005-2015 was analyzed. The results indicate that average and maximum air temperatures have the most significant influence on annual yields. Of the selected crops, sunflower and potato yields are significantly related to temperature conditions. Three directions of agricultural production development have been identified: the absolute grain direction, the dominant grain direction with the participation of industrial crops and the predominant cereal direction with a greater participation of industrial plants. Understanding the connection between climate elements and yields, as well as development directions, can contribute to the adaptation of agricultural production to changed climatic conditions.