High-Performance Multiband Terahertz Nanoantenna for Advanced Wireless Nanocommunications

This article presents a novel multiband, biocompatible MIMO nanoantenna for terahertz applications, designed to address the growing demand for faster data transfer rates in future wireless nanocommunications systems. The de- sign process began with a foundational single-element antenna (157.12 × 184.40 × 11 μm3) constructed from a gold patch and ground on a PTFE substrate. This initial element, resonating at 1.041, 1.602, 2.199, and 2.814 THz, was subsequently expanded into a two-port MIMO structure (157.12 × 276.60 × 11 μm3) to enhance channel capacity. The proposed MIMO nanoantenna operates nearly at the same frequencies as the single-element nanoantenna. Still, it delivers better performance, achieving a significantly higher channel capacity (up to 1.163 Tbps at 1.044 THz) and gain (up to 9.06 dBi at 2.214 THz). Furthermore, the MIMO system demonstrates ex- cellent diversity performance, with an ECC close to zero and a consistently high DG of 9.999 dB—indicating effective signal fading mitigation and en- hanced reliability. The proposed nanoantennas prove highly effective for multiband operations up to 3 THz, demonstrating significant potential for various advanced applications. These include low-power 6G communications, high-resolution terahertz imaging, in-vivo biomedical sensing, and other high- speed nanoscale communication systems.