On the prospect for the development of technologies in the oil and gas production industries

The purpose and relevance of the work. The oil and gas industry are an important component of the country’s fuel and energy complex. In addition, hydrocarbons serve as valuable raw materials for the chemical industry. All this emphasizes the important role that hydrocarbons play in the life of modern human society. The purpose of the work is to analyze the development prospects of the noted oil producing industry in the context of increasingly complex geological and physical conditions of production, changes in the structure of reserves towards hard-to-recover ones, and tightening environmental requirements. The research methods included an analysis of qualitative leaps in the degree of hydrocarbon extraction from the subsoil (oil recovery coefficient or oil and gas recovery) and the corresponding methods for increasing oil recovery. Results of the work and the scope of their application. Four historical stages of oil production technology development are shown, starting from the early primitive collection of hydrocarbons in places of their natural exit to the modern automated oil and gas industry. The features of its fifth stage and the prospects for its development are formulated. The need to create innovative oil and gas production technologies in the direction of extracting residual reserves (after the implementation of design solutions), greening the oil and gas industry, the transition to information (digital) technologies and artificial intelligence, the implementation of the principles of rational nature management is substantiated. The negative impact of the technosphere (including the oil and gas industry) on the human environment is particularly emphasized and the requirements for the creation of new, so-called nature-like technologies for oil and gas extraction are determined. The results of the study can be useful for specialists in the oil and gas production industry, students of higher educational institutions. Conclusions. The oil and gas industry has come a long way from non-industrial primitive methods of hydrocarbon extraction to modern automated production using artificial intelligence systems. At the same time, the need to increase the degree of hydrocarbon raw material extraction led to a change in the stages of oil and gas production development. For the first time, conclusions were made on the formation of a criterion for the biosphere compatibility of oil extraction technologies and its use in the design of development systems, as well as the need for its further substantiation.