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September 26, 2025Microbiology ResearchOpen Access

Bacillus Probiotic Strains Induce Gonadal Maturation and Sex Differentiation in Red Abalone Haliotis rufescens Using a Plant-Based Diet

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Experimental analysis indicates Bacillus probiotics improve reproductive performance in red abalone, suggesting innovative plant-based diets.

Abalone fed a plant–probiotic diet showed significantly higher female gonadal maturation and a female-biased sex ratio.
56% of females reached maximum Visual Gonad Index (VGI 3) when supplemented with probiotics compared to the kelp control diet.
The study suggests that probiotics enhance nutrient utilization from soybean meal, aiding reproductive outcomes in abalone.
Future research will validate biochemical mechanisms and assess the long-term safety of probiotic-plant-based feeds.

Olmos et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Experimental analysis indicates Bacillus probiotics improve reproductive performance in red abalone, suggesting innovative plant-based diets.