Monte Carlo simulations reveal that off-diagonal dipolar interactions significantly reduce ferromagnetic transition temperature in LiHoErF4, highlighting their role in magnetic properties.
We theoretically investigate the influence of off-diagonal dipolar interactions in the mixed-anisotropy magnet LiHoₓEr₁₋ₓF₄. Motivated by experimental observations showing an unexpectedly rapid suppression of the ferromagnetic transition temperature Tc upon substitution of Ho by Er ions, we use Monte Carlo simulations incorporating off-diagonal dipolar terms to elucidate the underlying physical mechanism. Our results reveal that, unlike in the diluted magnet LiHoₓY₁₋ₓF₄, where dilution weakens the effect of these interactions, substitution by planar Er ions amplifies it. This leads to a pronounced reduction of Tc, closely matching experimental data, thereby resolving discrepancies with mean-field predictions. The findings underscore the essential role of off-diagonal dipolar interactions in determining the magnetic properties of mixed-anisotropy dipolar systems.
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Dollberg et al. (2025) studied this question.
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