Interaction of CP and NCP BVDV with bovine sperm cells on apoptosis and oxidative stress in vitro

Abstract Background BVDV is one of the most infected viral diseases which can impact on genital system of male and female cows. The goal of this study was to see how CP and NCP biotypes of BVDV affected on spermatozoa in vitro. Materials and methods BVDV-free frozen sperm cells were counted and centrifuged to separate viable sperms. CP and NCP BVDV with 3 different doses of 10⁵, 10⁴ and 10³ TCID 50/mL were incubated to10⁵ sperm/ml for 2 hours. To assess oxidative stress and apoptosis, the luminescence technique was used to quantify ROS, Caspases 7/3 and 9, as well as ATP. They were repeated 3 times. Results The effect of virus biotypes on plasma membrane integrity has led to a significant drop in both 10⁵ and 10³ CP and NCP BVDV concentrations (P ≤ 0.05). The impact of 10⁵ dose of CP biotype compared to 10⁴ and 10³ doses of the same biotype was significant (P ≤ 0.05), but no significant difference was observed between the effect of 10⁴ and 10³ doses. Caspase 3/7 produced showed a significant effect (P ≤ 0.05) of both biotypes on sperm cells apoptosis. Caspase 9 produced showed a significant effect (P ≤ 0.05) of the three dosages of CP in addition to the high dose of NCP on apoptosis. ATP produced showed a significant effect (P ≤ 0.05) of 3 dosages. The effect of 10⁵ of CP compared to 10⁴ doses and 10⁴ to 10³ doses were significant (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion We concluded that BVDV biotypes could affect the vital aspects, dynamic features and also induction of oxidative stress and apoptosis on bovine spermatozoa cells in vitro.