Topological Rainbow Trapping in One-Dimensional Magnetoelastic Phononic Crystal Slabs

We design a one-dimensional magnetoelastic phononic crystal slab composed of the smart magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D and pure tungsten. Band inversion and topological phase transitions are achieved by modifying the geometric parameters of the non-magnetic medium within the unit cell. The emergence of topological interface states within overlapping bandgaps, exhibiting distinct topological properties, along with their robustness against interfacial structural defects, is confirmed. The coupling effects between adjacent topological interface states in a sandwich-like supercell configuration are investigated, and their tunability under external magnetic fields is demonstrated. A Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) phononic crystal slab system under gradient magnetic fields is proposed. Critically, and in stark contrast to previous static or structurally graded designs, we achieve reconfigurable rainbow trapping of topological interface states solely by reprogramming the gradient magnetic field, leaving the physical structure entirely unchanged. This highly localized, compact, and broadband-tunable topological rainbow trapping system design holds significant promise for applications in elastic energy harvesting, wave filtering, and multi-frequency signal processing.