Effect of Leu-Ile-Lys Tripeptide on Experimental Histamine-Induced Gastropathy

Introduction. The high prevalence of gastric ulcer, a polyethological disease formed due to increased hydrochloric acid and/or violation of protective properties of the gastric mucosa, determines the urgency of developing new drugs with an anticarcinogenic effect. According to the results of research conducted at the Altai State Medical University, the tripeptide Leu-Ile-Lys was obtained, which was successfully tested under experimental conditions against the background of gastropathies caused by the administration of drugs that directly or indirectly reduce the protective properties of the gastric mucosa. In the next stage of the preclinical study of the anti-ulcer properties of this compound, it is necessary to test it against the background of gastropathy induced by the administration of histamine, a substance that stimulates the gastric secretion of hydrochloric acid. Objective. To study the effect of the Leu-Ile-Lys tripeptide on the course of experimental histamine-induced gastropathy. Materials and Methods. Stock Wistar rats were used as a biological model for the study. The animals were divided into the control group, the Leu-Ile-Lys tripeptide administration group (11.5 mg/kg) and the omeprazole comparison drug administration group (37 mg/kg). These substances were administered intragastrically for 7 days. Histamine-induced gastropathy was simulated in animals of all groups. Subsequently, the stomachs of experimental rats were extracted to study the pathomorphological signs of the pathology. Results. When histamine-induced gastropathy in the control group, broad surface erosions of the gastric mucosa were revealed, as well as dystrophy and necrobiosis of the integumentary pit epithelium with the development of lymphoplasmocytic infiltration. Against this background, with the administration of Leu-Ile-Lys tripeptide and omeprazole, the morphological picture of the gastric mucosa was close to normal. In the Leu-Ile-Lys tripeptide group, the thickness of the gastric mucosa increased statistically significantly by 1.1 times relative to the control, while in the indicator omeprazole group, the value studied indicator was statistically significantly lower than in the Leu-Ile-Lys tripeptide group by 1.3 times, and in untreated rats by 1.2 times. Conclusion. Thus, the Leu-Ile-Lys tripeptide demonstrated an anti-ulcerative effect against the background of histamine-induced gastropathy, which was accompanied by an increase in the thickness of the gastric mucosa relative to disease control and the omeprazole administration group.