Complications of Transperineal vs. Transrectal Biopsy in Prostate Cance Diagnosis: A Comparative Analysis

Objective. The purpose of the study is to perform a comparative analysis of the frequency and nature of adverse events occurring during transrectal and transperineal fusion biopsy of the prostate gland, with a particular focus on infectious, hemorrhagic and urodynamic complications, as well as to assess the clinical significance of complications and their potential impact on the choice of access method. Materials and Methods. The study included data from 323 patients with suspected prostate cancer who underwent transrectal or transperineal fusion prostate biopsy. The age of the patients ranged from 46 to 79 years, with a mean age of 65.07±5.58 years. Results. The study demonstrates that the incidence of adverse events in transrectal and transperineal fusion prostate biopsies differs primarily due to infectious and inflammatory complications. Infectious complications were recorded exclusively in the transrectal access group (3.78%), while they were not observed at all in transperineal biopsy (p=0.0394), indicating the potential advantage of this method in terms of infectious safety. There were no cases of haematoma, urethral bleeding, or rectal bleeding. Acute urinary retention was rare and occurred with equally low frequency in both groups.