What type of study is this?

This is a Systematic Review study.

Efficacy and Safety of Different Preoperative Sedative Regimens in Alleviating Pediatric Preoperative Anxiety: A Systematic Review and Network Meta‐Analysis

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Systematic review reports on the efficacy of various sedatives for pediatric preoperative anxiety, suggesting that dexmedetomidine is most effective.

Dexmedetomidine significantly alleviates pediatric preoperative anxiety, with minimal adverse effects noted.
The study analyzed data from 70 studies, involving 16,626 pediatric participants receiving sedatives preoperatively.
Systematic review and network meta-analysis utilized data from major databases, comparing various preoperative sedatives.
The findings highlight the need for cautious interpretation of combination regimens due to small sample sizes.

Hu et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Systematic review reports on the efficacy of various sedatives for pediatric preoperative anxiety, suggesting that dexmedetomidine is most effective.