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This is a Quantitative Study study.

September 27, 2025Open Access

Health Risk Assessment of Nitrate and Fluoride in Groundwater Across 10 Nigerian States

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Assessment reveals significant health risks from groundwater nitrate and fluoride across 10 Nigerian states, indicating urgent action needs.

Groundwater in Nigeria poses both non-cancer and cancer risks due to elevated levels of nitrate and fluoride.
Fluoride levels exceeded safe limits in most samples, particularly in Abuja and Osun, indicating potential health risks.
Nitrate contamination from oil activities and poor sanitation was significant in Delta State, with levels surpassing 50 mg/L.
Health risk assessments indicate that infants and teenagers face the highest risks, necessitating immediate intervention strategies.

Gbadebo et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Assessment reveals significant health risks from groundwater nitrate and fluoride across 10 Nigerian states, indicating urgent action needs.