Progressive failure simulation and anchoring analysis of rock slope with bedding planes parallel to the slope

To study the progressive evolution law and effective control measures of the traction sliding failure of the rock slope with bedding planes parallel to the slope (bedding rock slope), taking a highway bedding slope in China as an example, through finite element numerical calculation, the elastic-plastic damage constitutive model of the slip plane was assigned. The evolution law of slip plane damage over time and the method for determining the initial crack length were analysed from the dual perspectives of shear stress and slope displacement. The optimal anchoring angle for slope anchoring engineering was determined through mathematical analysis, and the treatment effect of the pile-anchor combined structure on reinforcing bedding rock slope traction-type slip failure was further explored. The results show that during the progressive failure process, the shear stress distribution on the slip surface is camel-hump shaped, with peak points appearing on the slip plane and continuously advancing towards the rear edge of the slope body along the slip plane until reaching the traction-type failure boundary; the toe of the slope is the first to experience slope displacement and remains the maximum throughout the process, with the rear edge of the traction slip plane deforming throughout the entire process. An exponential fitting relationship is established for the distribution of slip plane displacement, with a fitting goodness of 0.996; the stress camel-hump point on the slip plane can define the damaged section of the slip plane, that is, the initial crack length value of the bedding rock slope, the progressive line intersection point defined by the start and end points of slip plane displacement coincides with the stress camel-hump point, with only a 1.8% error between the two; the slope anchoring angle has a monotonic distribution characteristic, establishing a quantitative relationship between the optimal anchoring angle and the dip angle and internal friction angle of the slip plane; after reinforcement with the pileanchor combined structure, the slope displacement of the bedding rock slope slip plane is reduced by 93.33%, indicating a good treatment effect.