Research on Suppression of Negative Effects of Vibration in In-Wheel Motor-Driven Electric Vehicles Based on DMPC

In-wheel motor (IWM)-driven electric vehicles (EVs) are susceptible to road excitation, which can induce eccentricity between the stator and rotor of the IWM. This eccentricity leads to unbalanced electromagnetic forces (UEFs) and electromechanical coupling (EMC) effects, severely degrading vehicle dynamic performance. To address this issue, this study first established an EMC system model encompassing UEF, IWM drive, and vehicle dynamics. Based on this model, four typical operating conditions—constant speed, acceleration, deceleration, and steering—were designed to thoroughly analyze the influence of EMC effects on vehicle dynamic response characteristics. The analysis results were validated through real-vehicle experiments. The results indicate that the EMC effects caused by motor eccentricity primarily affect the vehicle’s vertical dynamics performance (especially during acceleration and deceleration), leading to increased vertical body acceleration and reduced ride comfort, while having a relatively minor impact on longitudinal and lateral dynamics performance. Additionally, these effects significantly increase the relative eccentricity of the motor under various operating conditions, further degrading motor performance. To mitigate these negative effects, this paper designs an active suspension controller based on distributed model predictive control (DMPC). Simulation and experimental validation demonstrate that the proposed controller effectively improves ride comfort and body posture stability while significantly suppressing the growth of the motor’s relative eccentricity, thereby enhancing motor operational performance.