The influence of nuclear radiation in expression of CD4 using immunohistochemical features in some organs of rats infested with Echinococcus granulosus and assessment of liver enzymes

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) also known as hydatidosis is a widespread health problem worldwide caused by Echinococcus tapeworms. The research aims to explore how nuclear particle affects the levels of CD4 protein expression in body organs (liver, spleen and intestine) and the enzymes related to liver functions (Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (GPT), Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (GOT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)) in rats infected with hydatid cyst disease. Samples of hydatid cyst and protoscoleces were obtained from sheep livers and their viability was evaluated. The protoscoleces were exposed to nuclear particles at different energy (2.3 and 4.3MeV) and durations to study their viability. Protoscoleces, irradiated and non-irradiated, were injected into six groups of rats. The physiological and biochemical impacts were monitored over time spans. The present study indicated that longer exposures of protoscoleces to nuclear particles led to increase killing rates. Liver and spleen weights as their hypertrophy index return to normal after five months. Liver enzyme levels (GPT, GOT and ALP) remain within the range after 4 to 5 months of infection. Extended nuclear particles contributed to the elimination of parasite and tissue healing. The present study highlights how nuclear particle could be used as a treatment for hydatid cyst infection by impacting their survival rates.