September 28, 2025Open Access

A Comparative Nanomechanical Study of Antibody and Nanobody Binding to SARS-CoV-2 Variants

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Nanobodies dissociated primarily through rigid-body mechanisms, minimizing structural disruption compared to antibodies.
Complexes with antibodies withstood rupture forces of up to 500 pN, indicating mechanical resilience in immune complexes.
The heavy chain of antibodies acted as the main load-bearing element, with the light chain providing additional support.
Different SARS-CoV-2 variants exhibited variant-specific mutations affecting binding stability and mechanical response.

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This study reveals distinct mechanical responses in antibodies and nanobodies binding to SARS-CoV-2, suggesting implications for therapeutics.

Cofas‐Vargas et al. (2025) studied this question.

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This study reveals distinct mechanical responses in antibodies and nanobodies binding to SARS-CoV-2, suggesting implications for therapeutics.