Review synthesizes ecological, health, and socio-economic implications of air pollution in India, highlighting urgent challenges and strategies.
Key Points
Over 1.6 million premature deaths annually are linked to air pollution in India, mainly from respiratory and cardiovascular conditions.
Pollution sources include vehicular emissions, coal-based power plants, and stubble burning, affecting both health and ecosystems.
The review analyzes literature from 2000 to 2025, providing insights into the economic burdens that amount to nearly 8.5% of India's GDP.
Mitigation strategies like the National Clean Air Programme aim to address health and environmental challenges, although enforcement remains a concern.