We consider conditions under which endomorphisms of varieties become automorphisms. For example, there is a remarkable theorem, called Ax-Grothendieck theorem, which states that any injective endomorphism of a variety is bijective. Over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, bijectivity of endomorphisms of varieties implies that the endomorphisms are automorphisms, thus Ax-Grothendieck theorem gives one of the conditions we considering. There is also a conjecture, called Miyanishi conjecture, which claims that for any endomorphism of a variety over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, if it is injective outside a closed subset of codimension at least 2, then it is an automorphism. Recently, I. Biswas and N. Das prove that any endomorphism which satisfies the conditions of Miyanishi conjecture induces an automorphism of the singular locus of the variety with some conditions. In this paper, we prove that Miyanishi conjecture holds for any threefold which satisfies the conditions of I. Biswas and N. Das. For higher dimensional varieties, we also observe how divisorial contractions affect endomorphisms by using minimal model program theory. We can prove that Miyanishi conjecture holds for any open subset of a projective variety which has a sequence of divisorial contractions to the canonical model or a birationally superrigid Mori fiber space.
Takao Asano (Tue,) studied this question.