Biodegradation of polyvinyl chloride plastics in a single‐stage semi‐anaerobic reactor

This study investigates the biodegradability of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics by microbial hydrolysis, addressing the environmental impact of accumulated PVC waste. It emphasizes the role of semi‐anaerobic treatment in overcoming PVC's resistance to degradation. Petroleum oil was used as a supporting substrate, facilitating acclimatization of the hydrolysis system within 52 days. Experimental results showed 17.5% PVC biodegradation, demonstrating the treatment's effectiveness. Periodic inhibition, likely due to toxic byproduct accumulation, did not prevent sustained biomass growth, which was supported by the gradual conversion of PVC into soluble total organic carbon (TOC) as a microbial carbon source. Carbon mass balance analysis was employed to assess the utilization and conversion of carbon from PVC. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed substantial morphological changes on the polymer surface during treatment. This work elucidates the mechanisms of PVC biodegradation and provides a foundation for sustainable plastic waste management.