Uncovering the Burden of Leptospirosis in Goa: Insights from Retrospective Data

Leptospirosis continues to be a public health concern in India, particularly in coastal regions like Goa, where data on disease prevalence remain limited. This study presents a cross-sectional analysis of three years of retrospective data collected through the Integrated Disease Surveillance Program (IDSP) to evaluate leptospirosis incidence across Goa. Patient samples were tested using IgM ELISA, and results were analyzed for district and block-wise distribution, age, sex, seasonality, and spatial patterns. Among 4,415 suspected cases, the overall positivity rate was 8.29%, with higher rates in South Goa. Males and individuals aged 18?60 were disproportionately affected, particularly during the monsoon season from May to October. These findings underline the need for targeted public health strategies tailored to regional epidemiological profiles.