Pathogenesis And Histopathological Characteristics of Oral Lichen Planus: A Review Article

Oral lichen planus is a disorder of great clinical and pathological significance. Lesions may be minor reticular to very painful erosive lesions. Pathogenic mechanisms are multifactorial. T-cell-mediated immune responses, cytokine imbalance, genetic susceptibility, and environmental influences have been evidenced as the most factors contributing to the development of this disease. These ultimately result in basal keratinocyte apoptosis followed by chronic inflammation attacking the epithelial cells. Basal cell degeneration and hyperkeratosis with a dense band of lymphocytes characterize OLP at the level of the epithelial-connective tissue interface. That is how much relevant it is toward an accurate diagnosis. This paper will not rise much high but shall ensure updated knowledge toward better comprehension resulting in early diagnosis with apt management of so complicated a disease by reviewing recent articles oriented toward the clinical overview, pathogenesis, and histopathological features of OLP.