Field Assessment and Functional Evaluation of Agricultural Shelterbelts in Akmola Region of Kazakhstan

Forest shelterbelts are vital components of agricultural landscapes, particularly in steppe regions susceptible to wind erosion and climatic extremes. This study evaluates the current condition and functional status of shelterbelts across four agricultural enterprises in the Akmola region of central Kazakhstan. Field surveys were conducted at the A.I. Baraev Scientific and Production Center of Grain Farming, Yesil-Agro LLP, Kazger LLP, and Rodina LLP. The assessment focused on morphometric characteristics, species composition, sanitary condition, and agro ecological effectiveness. Results indicate widespread degradation due to aging, poor maintenance, and absence of scientifically informed planning. Many shelterbelts have lost their protective and ecological functions, with some areas experiencing up to 80% tree mortality. Contributing factors include lack of regeneration efforts, disruption of hydrological processes, and absence of integrated agroforestry strategies. The study highlights the urgent need for a comprehensive restoration program involving removal of dead trees, replanting with climate-resilient species, regular maintenance, and GIS-based agro ecological planning. Without such interventions, the continued decline of shelterbelts will undermine soil conservation, agricultural productivity, and ecosystem resilience in the region.