What type of study is this?

This is a Cross-Sectional Study study.

October 1, 2025Open Access

Patterns of Facility Utilization and Birth Outcomes in Low-Risk Pregnancies: A Comparison of Primary and Higher-Level Health Facilities in Urban Indonesia

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Cross-sectional study revealed cesarean rates vary by facility type in low-risk pregnancies, suggesting improvements needed in primary care.

Women delivering in secondary facilities had higher odds of cesarean section compared to primary care.
A total of 2.22 adjusted odds ratio (aOR) indicates significant differences in cesarean rates based on facility type.
Analysis conducted using routinely collected data from a primary health care facility and a referral hospital.
Improving primary maternity care quality may align service usage with the referral system and reduce unnecessary interventions.

Rahmani et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Cross-sectional study revealed cesarean rates vary by facility type in low-risk pregnancies, suggesting improvements needed in primary care.