Aerobic power profile in young athletes according to age and bio banding

Introduction and Objective. VO₂ max values can be obtained either through direct measurement using laboratory tests or estimated indirectly via field tests. However, evaluative cut-off points are also necessary, which must be adjusted to the individual characteristics of the subjects, including the sport discipline practiced. The aim of this study was to design a profile to evaluate aerobic power in young athletes of both sexes, according to chronological age ranges and biological maturation bio-bands. Methodology. A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted with a sample of 613 athletes aged 11 to 20 years. Maximum oxygen consumption (VO₂ max) was estimated through the 20 m shuttle run test, while anthropometric variables were assessed using the ISAK protocol. Somatic maturation bio-bands were determined using peak height velocity. To construct the aerobic power profile, cut-off points were established using the mean and standard deviation, with data processed in SPSS 28.0. Results. Findings showed that male athletes presented higher VO₂ max values than females. Across all age groups and maturity levels, athletics participants of both sexes demonstrated the highest VO₂ max values, with an average of 60 mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹ for males and 51 mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹ for females. An exception was observed in boys aged 11 to 12.9 years practicing wrestling and Greco-Roman wrestling, who showed lower values of 57.4 mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹. Discussion. The results highlight the influence of sex, sport discipline, and maturation stage on aerobic power. Athletics athletes consistently outperform other groups, underscoring the sport-specific demands and training effects. The findings also suggest that establishing bio-band-based cut-off points allows for a more individualized and accurate evaluation of aerobic capacity in youth athletes. Conclusions. The constructed cut-off points serve as a valuable reference for evaluating aerobic power and qualifying aerobic physical fitness levels in young athletes. These references take into account both the sport practiced and individual characteristics, providing coaches and sports scientists with a more tailored tool for athlete monitoring and development.