Assessment of Thyroid Function Test Among Sudanese Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Background: Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a prevalent hematological malignancy with many impacts on the body, including the potential for causing thyroid dysfunction. Previous research has shown that CML patients might develop thyroid dysfunction. Objectives: This study aims to assess thyroid hormone levels in CML patients. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 87 serum samples, obtained from 42 cases (who were diagnosed using the BCR-ABL mutation discovered by polymerase chain reaction molecular analysis and assessment of bone marrow and peripheral blood morphology) and 45 controls, were tested for thyroid hormone levels by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique in Khartoum, Sudan, from September to December 2019. Results: Compared to the control group, CML patients had a significant increase in TSH ( P value = 0.00) and no insignificant changes in T3 and T4 levels ( P value > 0.05). When comparing the duration of disease across study cases, significant differences with a weak negative correlation for T3 ( P value = 0.037) and T4 ( P value = 0.007), but insignificant differences with a negative correlation for TSH ( P value = 0.228) were observed. Conclusion: The study concluded that incidence of CML could have affected TSH levels in patients and should be evaluated routinely (3 to 6 months) throughout the duration of their follow-up. The patient’s age, gender, medication, or stage of the disease do not affect the results of the thyroid function test.