Criminal Liability for the Crime of So-called Forced Disappearance in the Ukrainian Criminal Law (Article 146-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine)

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Analysis reveals rising cases of enforced disappearance in Ukraine, indicating urgent legal reforms needed.

Enforced disappearance crimes increased from 69 cases in 2020 to 1,120 in 2022 amid armed conflict in Ukraine.
Article 146-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine addresses enforced disappearance, influenced by international legal frameworks.
Additional legal qualifications exist for crimes during hostilities, including intentional homicide and hostage-taking.
Poland's ratification of the same Convention raises questions on amending its criminal law to address enforced disappearance.

Mozgawa-Saj et al. (2025) studied this question.

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