Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Diabetic Gastroparesis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study From Northern India

Background: Diabetic gastroparesis is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus characterized by delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical obstruction. Limited data exists on its prevalence and clinical characteristics in the Indian population. Objective: To determine the prevalence of diabetic gastroparesis among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and analyze associated clinical characteristics and risk factors. Methods: A crosssectional study was conducted at Chandra Diabetes & Obesity Clinic and Health City Hospital, Vistar, Lucknow from January 2023 to December 2024. A total of 485 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were evaluated using gastric emptying scintigraphy, clinical symptoms assessment, and biochemical parameters. Results: The prevalence of diabetic gastroparesis was 18.4% (89/485 patients). Mean age was 58.7 ±12.3 years with female predominance (64.0%). Patients with gastroparesis had signicantly longer diabetes duration (12.8 ±6.2 vs 8.4 ±4.9 years, p<0.001), poorer glycemic control (HbA1c: 9.2 ±1.8 vs 7.8 ± 1.4%, p<0.001), and higher prevalence of diabetic complications including retinopathy (67.4% vs 32.1%, p<0.001) and nephropathy (52.8% vs 28.9%, p<0.001). Conclusion: Diabetic gastroparesis affects nearly one in ve patients with type 2 diabetes in our cohort, with female gender, longer disease duration, poor glycemic control, and presence of other diabetic complications as signicant risk factors.