Background: Hypothyroidism is associated with significant metabolic disturbances, particularly affecting lipid metabolism. These lipid abnormalities may contribute to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Understanding the relationship between hypothyroidism and dyslipidemia is essential for early intervention and prevention of cardiovascular complications. Objective: To evaluate the correlation between lipid abnormalities and cardiovascular risk in patients with hypothyroidism at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry in collaboration with the Department of General Medicine at Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Nepal, from June to November 2013. A total of 69 patients aged 18–60 years with overt or subclinical hypothyroidism were included. Lipid profiles were compared between hypothyroid patients and healthy controls. Demographic data, BMI, and age distribution were also analyzed. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Of the 69 patients, 67% were female and 33% male (p = 0.012). BMI distribution showed 41% had normal BMI, 35% were overweight, and 17% were obese (p = 0.038). The 41–50 age group showed a significant representation (26%, p = 0.031). Lipid analysis revealed significantly higher levels of total cholesterol (220.5 ± 35.2 mg/dL), LDL-C (140.6 ± 28.4 mg/dL), and triglycerides (160.8 ± 45.7 mg/dL) in the hypothyroid group compared to controls, while HDL-C was significantly lower (42.1 ± 6.3 mg/dL) (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: Hypothyroidism is significantly associated with dyslipidemia, including elevated total cholesterol, LDL-C, triglycerides, and reduced HDL-C levels, which collectively contribute to increased cardiovascular risk. Early screening and appropriate management of lipid profiles in hypothyroid patients are critical to prevent long-term cardiovascular complications.
Jaivijay Ramu (Mon,) studied this question.