An Intelligent Drug Traceability Framework for Secure and Transparent Pharmaceutical Supply Chain

The pharmaceutical supply chain is increasingly vulnerable to counterfeit drugs, posing a significant risk to patient safety and regulatory compliance. To address this issue, we propose an intelligent drug traceability system that integrates blockchain, Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence (AI) to ensure the secure and transparent movement of pharmaceuticals from manufacturers to endusers. The framework employs RFID tags, QR codes, and smart sensors for real-time tracking, while blockchain ensures data immutability and traceability. AI algorithms are applied for anomaly detection, fraud prevention, and predictive analytics. Additionally, automated alerts and compliance reports provide actionable insights to stakeholders. This system enhances operational efficiency, reduces the risk of counterfeit drugs, and supports regulatory authorities in maintaining drug safety across the supply chain