Predictive Factors for Adolescent with Generalized Anxiety Disorder during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Secondary Data Analysis of 2020~2022 KYRBS

Purpose: This study examines the factors contributing to generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) among adolescents during the infectious disease pandemic. Methods: The analysis utilized data from 161,646 adolescents participating in the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (2020~2022). Logistic regression was employed to identify predictors of GAD in this population. Results: Adolescents with poor family economic status, dissatisfaction with sleep quality, and negative health perceptions were at a significantly increased risk of developing moderate-to-severe GAD. Furthermore, those experiencing sadness or despair, having suicidal thoughts, or feeling a high level of loneliness were also more likely to develop GAD, with loneliness emerging as the most significant predictor.Conclusion: Generalized anxiety disorder in adolescents is influenced by a complex interplay of personal, behavioral, and emotional factors. Emotional issues, particularly loneliness, sadness, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation, are major contributors to GAD. To enhance adolescent mental health, it is essential to prioritize emotionally focused nursing interventions that address emotional deprivation. Additionally, integrated nursing strategies should be implemented to consider the emotional, behavioral, and environmental contexts of adolescents comprehensively.