Epidemiological Laws of HIV Infection Spreading in Western Kazakhstan

The problems associated with HIV infection continue to remain the focus of attention of the public health organizations all over the world and in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The fist cases in the country were reported from the early 1990s following the breakup of the Soviet Union and the acquisition of independence by the country. During this period, the loosening of borders and economic instability enabled significant international labor migration; thereby becoming one of the sources of the spread of infection. The purpose of the study was to analyze trends in the prevalence of HIV infection and mortality due to HIV/AIDS in the Aktobe Region based on information collected by the Aktobe Regional Center for Prevention and Control of HIV Infection. Research design: descriptive, retrospective. The following objects of research were electronic blank forms based on the results of generalized notifications of the incidence and prevalence of HIV infection, the structure of registered cases of HIV infection by transmission routes, prevalence in the age group from 15 to 49 years, the dynamics of new HIV infection as well as death from HIV infection (according to the materials of the epidemiological department of the Aktobe Regional Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS), for 2020-2024. The findings highlight the challenge and the necessity to reinforce actions in the prevention, diagnosis and population education on the subject of HIV infection. The gravity of HIV epidemic in Aktobe region is on the rise: the prevalence of HIV infection in general population tends to increase; the disease is mostly registered among men, and in adult age group (15-49 years), with sexual way of transmission and at risk groups - men who have sex with men (MSM). The death rates due to HIV are declining since last 5 years.