Design the Circular Bow-Tie Microwave Antenna for Bio-Medical Applications

The rapid advancement of wireless biomedical systems necessitates the development of compact, efficient, and reliable antennas capable of operating across multiple frequency bands. Traditional designs, such as bow-tie antennas, offer broadband performance but often face drawbacks including limited selectivity, reduced isolation, and lower suitability for medical applications. To overcome these limitations, this study introduces a dual circular patch antenna integrated with a metasurface layer. The design objective is to enhance the performance of bow-tie antennas for microwave applications in biomedical and biological phantoms, using metasurfaces within a transmission line model. The metasurface facilitates improved impedance matching, enhances directivity, and minimizes mutual coupling, thereby ensuring stable multi-band operation. Simulation results demonstrate notable improvements in directivity making the antenna well-suited for biomedical applications such as microwave imaging, implantable devices, and wireless body area networks. The proposed circular patch design further emphasizes the effectiveness of metasurfaces in achieving safer, more accurate, and efficient biomedical communication systems.